King Menkaure was an Kemetic pharaoh who ruled during the Old Kingdom's Fourth Dynasty. He ruled from around 2550–2503 BC. The exact length of his reign is uncertain, but the Turin papyrus suggests he ruled for 18 or 28 years. Menkaure was the son of Khafre and the grandson of Khufu a Dynastic family who ruled from the Delta region during what is known as "the Age of Pyramids".
The Age of the Pyramids, particularly the Old Kingdom (c. 2686–2181 BCE), is characterized by the construction of monumental structures as tombs for pharaohs, reflecting their power and religious beliefs. This era saw the development of pyramid construction techniques, beginning with Djoser's Step Pyramid, advancing through Sneferu's true pyramids, and culminating in Khufu's Great Pyramid, the largest and most famous.
Menkaure's pyramid, while smaller than those of Khufu and Khafre, was built with high-quality materials and included a complex of mortuary temples and smaller pyramids for queens, symbolizing the peak of pyramid building and architectural achievement in ancient Kemet. Menkaure is best known for his pyramid, the Pyramid of Menkaure, at Giza. The pyramid was the smallest of the three pyramids at Giza and was called Netjer-er-Menkaure, which means "Menkaure is Divine".
A flint knife found in the mortuary temple of Menkaure mentioned a king's mother Khamerernebty I, suggesting that Khafre and this queen were the parents of Menkaure. He is also known for his statue triads, which depicted him alongside the goddess Het-Heru (Hathor) and other regional deities.
Reconstruction created by TKM: https://www.youtube.com/@kingmono
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